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12 The Chamberlain, once a noted and dignified official,

_Princeps Nobilitatis_, under the Russian government has become

merely a titular dignitary. Formerly he was still judge of

boundary disputes, but he finally lost even that part of his

jurisdiction. Now he occasionally takes the place of the Marshal,

and appoints the komomicy or district surveyors.

13 ["The outer garment of the ancient Polish costume, a sort of

loose frock or coat, falling below the knees, and secured by a

girdle round the waist. The effect was remarkably picturesque and

graceful."-M. A. Biggs. A characteristic feature of the kontusz

was the turned-back upper false sleeves.]

14 The Apparitor (wozny) or Bailiff, who was chosen from among

the landed gentry by the decree of a tribunal or court, carried

summonses, proclaimed persons in legal possession of property

adjudged to them, made inquests, called cases on the court's

calendar, etc. Usually this office was assigned to one of the

minor gentry.