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The whole secret lies in confusing the enemy, so that he cannot

fathom our real intent.'" To put it perhaps a little more

clearly: any attack or other operation is cheng, on which the

enemy has had his attention fixed; whereas that is ch'i," which

takes him by surprise or comes from an unexpected quarter. If the

enemy perceives a movement which is meant to be ch'i," it

immediately becomes cheng."]

4. That the impact of your army may be like a grindstone dashed

against an egg-this is effected by the science of weak points and

strong.

5. In all fighting, the direct method may be used for joining

battle, but indirect methods will be needed in order to secure

victory.

[Chang Yu says: "Steadily develop indirect tactics, either by

pounding the enemy's flanks or falling on his rear." A brilliant

example of "indirect tactics" which decided the fortunes of a

campaign was Lord Roberts' night march round the Peiwar Kotal in

the second Afghan war. [1]