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[The idea is, not to linger among barren uplands, but to keep

close to supplies of water and grass. Cf. Wu Tzŭ, ch. 3: "Abide

not in natural ovens," i.e. "the openings of valleys." Chang Yu

tells the following anecdote: Wu-tu Ch'iang was a robber captain

in the time of the Later Han, and Ma Yuan was sent to exterminate

his gang. Ch'iang having found a refuge in the hills, Ma Yuan

made no attempt to force a battle, but seized all the favourable

positions commanding supplies of water and forage. Ch'iang was

soon in such a desperate plight for want of provisions that he

was forced to make a total surrender. He did not know the

advantage of keeping in the neighbourhood of valleys."]

2. Camp in high places,

[Not on high hills, but on knolls or hillocks elevated above the

surrounding country.]

facing the sun.

[Tu Mu takes this to mean "facing south," and Ch'en Hao "facing

east." Cf. infra, §§ 11, 13.

Do not climb heights in order to fight. So much for mountain

warfare.