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Pecuniary wages and profit, indeed, are everywhere in Europe

extremely different, according to the different employments of

labour and stock. But this difference arises, partly from certain

circumstances in the employments themselves, which, either

really, or at least in the imagination of men, make up for a

small pecuniary gain in some, and counterbalance a great one in

others, and partly from the policy of Europe, which nowhere

leaves things at perfect liberty.

The particular consideration of those circumstances, and of that

policy, will divide this Chapter into two parts.

PART I. Inequalities arising from the nature of the employments

themselves.