图书 · The Republic
第175页 / 共1391页
作者: Plato
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Two virtues remain; temperance and justice. More than the
preceding virtues temperance suggests the idea of harmony. Some
light is thrown upon the nature of this virtue by the popular
description of a man as 'master of himself'-which has an absurd
sound, because the master is also the servant. The expression
really means that the better principle in a man masters the
worse. There are in cities whole classes-women, slaves and the
like-who correspond to the worse, and a few only to the better;
and in our State the former class are held under control by the
latter. Now to which of these classes does temperance belong? 'To
both of them.' And our State if any will be the abode of
temperance; and we were right in describing this virtue as a
harmony which is diffused through the whole, making the dwellers
in the city to be of one mind, and attuning the upper and middle
and lower classes like the strings of an instrument, whether you
suppose them to differ in wisdom, strength or wealth.
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